Heart Attack Là Gì

According to lớn the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) claim the lives of 17.9 million people each year (31% of all global deaths). In particular, myocardial infarction is one of the heart diseases that tài khoản for the highest mortality rate. Learning about myocardial infarction will help you better understand this disease, from having a better way lớn prevent this dangerous disease.

Bạn đang xem: Heart attack là gì

1. What is myocardial infarction?

In the heart structure, two large coronary arteries have the role of supplying oxygen khổng lồ the heart muscle. When one of the large arteries or small branches is suddenly blocked, a part of the heart will be deprived of oxygen. This condition is called myocardial ischemia.

According to lớn experts, if not treated in time, this condition will lead lớn a heart attack. A heart attack is a severe medical emergency và should be treated as quickly as possible.

2. Heart attack symptom list

Note:

Not everyone has the same symptoms of a heart attack. The pain can often be mild và mistaken for other conditions, including indigestion.

Women are more likely to lớn experience other symptoms, especially shortness of breath, nausea, back or jaw pain.

3. Is myocardial infarction dangerous? các mục of complications of myocardial infarction

Complications of a heart attack are often severe & can be life-threatening.

Heart arrhythmia

This is an abnormal heart rhythm. Common arrhythmias are supraventricular arrhythmias, including sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation & ventricular arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation. Moreover, this complication can cause the heart khổng lồ stop beating at any moment.

Atrioventricular blocks

This complication is commonly divided into 3 different levels, with grade 3 being complete heart block, very bradycardia with ventricular escape rhythm. What makes these complications so dangerous is that they come on very suddenly and are potentially fatal.

Complications of pump failure

The most severe form of pump failure is “cardiogenic shock”. If the systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mmHg, the patient will have oliguria, anuria, confusion, pale extremities, cold and wet, acidosis, sometimes manifested by periodic breathing (breathing at intervals).

Mechanical complications

Mechanical complications include rupture of the miễn phí ventricular wall, perforation of the interventricular septum, ventricular wall aneurysm/pseudoaneurysm, và mitral regurgitation. They usually occur during the first week after a heart attack.

Thrombosis, thromboembolic complications

What makes these complications so dangerous is that they pose a high risk of recurrent myocardial infarction, leading to lớn extensive necrosis or additional myocardial necrosis in a new macrovascular embolism. The condition will get worse if the patient lies for too long or abuses diuretics.

Other early complications

Among the early complications, sudden death is the most severe complication. This complication occurs due khổng lồ rupture of the heart (most common), arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, massive pulmonary embolism, coronary embolism in the left coronary artery.

Late complications of myocardial infarction

Dressler syndrome occurs late (at weeks 3-10), also known as post-myocardial infarction syndrome, post-cardiac injury syndrome, và post-pericardial syndrome.

5. How lớn prevent or tư vấn heart attack treatment at home?

Today, with the advancement of medicine, up khổng lồ 80% of early heart attacks & strokes are preventable. Besides, experts also cảnh báo that following a healthy lifestyle also helps to reduce the complications of a heart attack.

Healthy diet

You should eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, fish and pulses with salt, sugar và minimize the use of unhealthy fats. In addition, alcohol should also be consumed in moderation:

Do regular physical activity

You should vày at least 30 minutes of physical activity every day. You bởi not need to bởi exercises that are too heavy. Instead, cycling, walking, aerobic ... Will be the subjects that help maintain cardiovascular fitness và help improve general health.

Xem thêm: Dân Số Già Hóa Dân Số Dẫn Đến Hậu Quả Gì Về Mặt Kinh Tế, Thách Thức Của Vấn Đề Già Hóa Dân Số Ở Việt Nam

Avoid using tobacco

Not only smokers, but even exposure to secondhand smoke is dangerous khổng lồ the cardiovascular system. However, the risk of heart attack and stroke decreases immediately after a person stops using tobacco products & can be halved after 1 year.

6. How khổng lồ detect disease?

Suppose symptoms such as pain, pressure or tightness in the chest, shortness of breath during physical exertion và disappear after sitting. In that case, you are at a very high risk of cardiovascular disease. At this time, you need to perform cardiovascular screening immediately khổng lồ prevent or have suitable control methods (if any).

Myocardial infarction

When any signs of cardiovascular disease appear, you should go lớn a medical facility to kiểm tra them.

7. Items khổng lồ be done when early screening for myocardial infarction và myocardial ischemia

Based on symptoms và examination: Consider the examiner's recent unusual signs. At the same time, other factors affecting the cardiovascular system were studied, such as family history, physical fitness assessment, weight & height measurement, body toàn thân mass index calculation, etc.

Electrocardiogram ECG: Used to monitor the activity, speed và rhythm of the heart.

Blood tests: Determine the risk of coronary heart disease through blood chạy thử parameters related to cholesterol (good/bad) và triglycerides.

Echocardiography: Assesses the structure và functioning of the heart, thereby being able to lớn detect abnormalities in the heart muscle, heart valves, irregular rhythms and sizes.

Stress ECG: The examiner will perform exercise exercises (walking on a rolling mat or stationary bicycle) to lớn show how well the heart works during physical activity.

8. Methods of treatment and prevention of events

Control of risk factors: Control of risk factors plays a significant role in treating & preventing events caused by myocardial infarction. It is best to lớn exercise regularly, eat good foods for the heart, avoid drinking too many alcoholic drinks và do other activities as prescribed by your doctor.

Taking medication lớn prevent events: Currently, many drugs support the treatment of myocardial infarction, such as aspirin (anticoagulant), beta-blockers (lower blood pressure), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (help lower blood pressure). Và protect the heart muscle). However, to lớn minimize the side effects và help the drug be highly effective, you should only use it when prescribed by your doctor.

PCI coronary stenting: This is a treatment for common cardiovascular diseases caused by narrowing the coronary arteries. PCI coronary stenting will help restore coronary perfusion. PCI coronary stents can range from 2 years lớn permanent, depending on the type of stent used.

CABG bypass surgery: CABG bypass surgery connects the aorta to the coronary artery after the stenosis khổng lồ supply oxygenated blood to the ischemic myocardium and ensure blood flow to lớn the heart. This improves symptoms, reduces the need for medication, & prolongs the patient's life.

The Cardiology Department of CarePlus Clinic System has experienced specialists và new generation equipment for early cardiovascular disease screening, such as Holter ECG Bittium Faros, ức chế ECG, màu sắc Doppler Echocardiography, and many other modern types of equipment. Thereby helping to lớn diagnose the disease correctly & limit the use of drugs. At the same time, the doctors at CarePlus also consult carefully so that customers understand the condition & actively participate in the treatment.

Especially in emergency hospitalization, we can support consultation and tương tác significant hospitals such as People's Hospital 115, Heart Institute of Ho đưa ra Minh City, University of Medicine và Pharmacy Hospital, Children's Hospital, etc. Inpatient treatment is most convenient.

9. What to do when you or someone else shows symptoms of a heart attack?

Should

Should not

Myocardial infarction is very dangerous because of its high mortality rate & severe complications. However, the disease can completely prevent or reduce complications with a healthy lifestyle và regular cardiovascular screening as prescribed by the doctor.

For advice on the details of the cardiology package as well as how khổng lồ make an appointment, please contact: